A | 4月18日，长沙楼市“以旧换新”政策终于落地。
B | 长沙市住房和城乡建设局印发《关于支持居民购买改善住房的通知》，规定即日起，全市范围内“以旧换新”购买新房的，可按照“认房不认贷”政策，享受首套房首付比和按揭利率优惠；购买新房申请住房公积金贷款的，在原有基础上上调最高贷款额度；同时不再审查购房者资格条件。 "I think the end of the Johnson administration is a positive thing, despite the infighting," says Rodney Atkinson, an academic and political and economic commentator. "The candidates may be promising irresponsible tax cuts and not understanding how the economy works but the public debate is more mature and in the end the right policies could emerge.",One of the candidates, Sajid Javid, former health secretary, vowed to axe the former chancellor’s plans to raise the corporation tax from 19% to 25% in April 2023, and decrease the rate to 15%. His competitor Jeremy Hunt pledged the lowest rate of business taxes in the Western world, while Liz Truss, yet another contender, is also willing to adhere to "low-tax principles." In contrast, former Chancellor Rishi Sunak, who is seeking the prime ministership along with his party fellows, has placed emphasis on "fiscal prudence" rather than tax cuts, while criticizing other candidates for offering "comforting fairytales.","There are two economic issues here," explains Gayle Allard, a professor of economics at IE University in Spain. "One is the debt, which is clearly a problem for the UK and which would be aggravated by tax cuts. The other is the dilemma between trying to restart growth (which requires a tax cut) and to control very high inflation (which requires a tax increase). And then there is a political objective: voters like tax cuts. Which will win out? I would hope for a short-term tax increase, with the government keeping its promise to reduce it later. I think that makes the most sense.",According to Atkinson, those who are promoting tax cuts without at least equal cuts in state spending are "totally irresponsible.",While the bulk of the candidates are promising anything between 20 and 40 billion in tax cuts, what everyone's really pledging is "to reverse the increase, which was implemented as of April 1," according to Marc Ostwald, chief economist at ADM Investor Services International.,"Let's take, for instance, the corporation tax cut which is being proposed," Ostwald says. "It's not actually a tax cut, because really all it is, is basically saying 'we're not going to implement the increase from 19% to 25% in corporation tax that is planned for next year.' Only Jeremy Hunt, I think, amongst them all is basically pledging to actually cut it down to 15%.",UK's Tory Government Faces Social Collapse, Having No-One But Itself to Blame21 June, 05:48 GMT,However, there are plenty of problems that cannot be fixed by the much-discussed tax cuts, Ostwald underscores: "The UK's infrastructure is atrocious; the level of poverty in the country is bad; the cost of living crisis [is] somewhat worse in the UK than across much of the rest of the developed world.",British unions kicked off a series of industrial actions starting from June 2022, demanding pay raises in line with skyrocketing inflation and protesting over the cost of living crisis. Tens of thousands of railway workers walked off the job in Britain on June 21. Criminal law barristers took to the streets on June 27. Teachers' unions and the civil service have been balloted on possible industrial action, while doctors and nurses are threatening to follow suit. Meanwhile, British rail and transport workers have voted in favor of a new strike in July.,There are also a whole array of problems related to Brexit, including red tape and other "non-tariff barriers" which translated into additional costs for businesses and are eating away at their margins, according to the economist. He laments the fact that neither the Tory nor Labour Party has so far proposed any solutions to these problems.,'We Want to Save Lives': How Tory Cabinets Pushed NHS to the Wall, Disregarded Nation's Health28 June, 17:52 GMT,UK's Political Instability Making Crisis Worse,The unfolding socio-economic instability has been exacerbated by Johnson's resignation and the internal infighting among British Tories is to some extent "damaging the economy by creating unnecessary uncertainty," according to Kevin Dowd, professor of finance and economics at Durham University.,"[A] lot will depend on who wins the leadership," Dowd says. "There are one, maybe two, decent candidates in there but for the most part they are a sorry lot, and I am not optimistic that a good prime minister will emerge… Most if not all of these people do not have a strong grasp of what the country needs, so I expect a lot more policy drift and a bad outcome for the Tories in the next general election.",A big number of contenders for BoJo's position "shows actually that Johnson has left a bit of a vacuum, because he was to some extent actually quite popular, despite all his lies, despite all his gaffes, despite his incompetent policies, despite all the back to and froing," according to Ostwald.,However, none of the 11 contenders "stands out as a genuine leader, as a prime minister, as a leader of a country," the economist emphasizes.,Boris Johnson Pledges Not to Back Any Tory Bidder as 'Dirty' Leadership Race Gains SteamYesterday, 14:30 GMT,'It's Johnson's Fault',It is Johnson who bears "90 percent" of responsibility for the current crisis, the economic observers argue.,"[Johnson] had let state finances get out of control before the COVID Lockdown spending," Atkinson says. "He has been the most irresponsible prime minister since Edward Heath who between 1970 and 1974 led a spending and monetary expansion boom. It resulted in the International Monetary Fund (IMF) controlling the UK economy in 1975. Johnson’s first instinct was more Government and more spending and more borrowing. We will be paying for his failure for decades.",Johnson "must bear a lot of the blame," Kevin Dowd agrees. While having a huge parliamentary majority and the opportunity to make radical reforms free of the shackles of the EU, Johnson "blew it," according to the professor.,"What are the chances of the UK going into recession? I think it's pretty much baked in the cake," echoes Ostwald. "There isn't a lot of momentum there. The trade position is getting worse. The cost of living crisis is quite clearly there and the investment into the UK is getting weaker and I would add that this whole methodology of applying sanctions by seizing assets is particularly bad for the UK. The UK has been attracting foreign capital from Russia, from the Middle East, from Asia, from pretty much anywhere that one can think of for a very, very long time.",However, it's not only the outgoing prime minister who is responsible for the current crisis in the UK, the economist admits: "These have been accumulating for years. People have been going to the food banks in the UK since the numbers started rising in the early 2010s after the global financial crisis and the numbers got a lot worse than in the meantime, particularly due to the cost of living crisis," Ostwald concluded.。图源：卡乐图片 贾琼 摄 长沙楼市自2017年“318”政策之后进入限购时代，“以旧换新”政策的出台被认为是长沙全面取消楼市限购的标志，不少地产人士发圈庆祝。 业内人士：长沙全面放松限购政策 业内一致认为，本轮政策中的第三条“不再审查购房者资格条件”，意味着自2017年开始实行的“长沙限购”已全面放松。湖南建工置业投资有限公司副总经理周事勇认为，这是基于目前长沙房地产市场进行的调整，也符合国家一城一策的原则。
C | 2017年3月18日，长沙规定非本市户籍家庭限购1套新房，自此进入严苛的限购时代。直到2023年9月22日，长沙明确居民家庭（含非本市户籍家庭）在长沙购买首套商品住房，不再需要提供购房证明，限购政策松绑。 易居研究院研究总监严跃进在接受潇湘晨报记者采访时表示，长沙政策的定位很清晰地指向要换房的群体，即基于供求关系和新型城镇化的变化，具有非常好的导向。“很巧妙地将‘以旧换新’‘认房不认贷’两个涉及到换房的政策结合”。 怎么换 国企或开发商收购旧房受关注 本月初，郑州发布《郑州市促进房产市场“卖旧买新 以旧换新”工作方案（试行）》，计划在今年内推动10000户居民成功进行二手房置换。 郑州为购房家庭提供了两种“以旧换新”模式，一种是由郑州城市发展集团有限公司介入，直接收购市民的二手房；另一种是享受政府政策支持，由市民自主在市场中买卖住房。以上两种模式均可享受减免契税30%的购房契税补贴政策。 很快，郑州又出台细则明确了“以旧换新”的条件限制，例如二手房性质应为普通商品住房、房龄不超过15年等。如购房者选取由指定主体收购房屋的模式，其购买的新建商品房总价款还应不低于二手房收购总价款。 在流程方面，将由收购主体支付二手房全部购房款，其中二手房过户相关税费将直接支付至换房家庭，剩余房款则支付至换房家庭购买的新建商品住房开发企业。 采取此类由国企或开发商等主体直接收购旧房模式的城市还有江苏太仓、江苏苏州相城区、连云港等地。
D | 还有城市仅选取了郑州第二种模式，加大对“以旧换新”家庭的购房政策支持力度。
E | 昨天，长沙宣布“以旧换新”家庭可按照“认房不认贷”政策，享受首套房首付比和按揭利率优惠。 此外，沈阳、盐城等地采取的模式是发放“以旧换新”购房补贴；杭州临平区、宁波、济南等城市则联合开发商及房地产经纪机构推出了“换新购”服务，即购房者可在未售出旧房的情况下向开发商认购并锁定新房房源，由委托的房地产经纪机构出售旧房，若一定期限内旧房售出则按流程购买新房，若旧房未售出则退还新房认购金。 据中指研究院统计，现已有超30城表态支持“以旧换新”。徐州、淄博、南京等10余个城市已落地推行这一政策。预计未来将有更多城市跟进推出这一举措。 （中国小康网综合潇湘晨报、北京日报客户端）。
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